Which term describes a political entity where a central authority rules many territories that may not govern themselves?

• A. Nation
• B. Empire
• C. Confederation
• D. Federation

Answer: (B)

This question tests understanding of how a single centralized power can govern over distant lands. An empire describes a political entity where a central authority rules over many territories that may not govern themselves, often extending sovereignty across diverse regions and peoples through imperial administration or governors. The central power sets laws and policies for the entire realm, while local areas may have limited self-rule or be integrated under imperial rule. This contrasts with a nation, which centers on a common identity and political community; a federation, where regional units retain substantial autonomy under a constitutional division of powers; and a confederation, which is a looser alliance with a weak central authority. Therefore, empire is the best fit for the described scenario.